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"PZL-104 Wilga - 35A"
PZL-104 Wilga (Golden Oriole) is a Polish short-takeoff-and-landing (STOL) utility aircraft designed and built by PZL "Warszawa-Okêcie"; in one version or another, the Wilga has been in continuous production from 1962 to the present.
Design and development:
The PZL-104 was designed mainly for use in sports aviation, especially for glider-towing and parachute training. The prototype of the initial Wilga 1 variant was first flown on April 24, 1962. It used a Polish 220 hp flat engine PZL WN-6RB. The Wilga 1 revealed numerous faults, the most serious of which were that it was too heavy and the crew could not see a towed glider. As a result, the airframe was thorougly redesigned by a team led by Bronis³aw ¯urakowski and Andrzej Frydrychewicz, retaining only the general composition and part of wings in common with the initial design. A completely new slimmer, strengthened fuselage was provided, which offers an excellent view for the crew. Side doors open upwards and it is possible to fly with doors open for a better observation or performing parachute jumps.
The new variant, PZL-104 Wilga 2, flew first on August 1, 1963. A short production run followed (later converted to the Wilga C and Wilga 3 configurations). On December 30, 1963 the Wilga C (or Wilga 2C), an export variant for Indonesia, was flown, powered by an imported 225 hp flat engine Continental O-470. While the Wilga 2 airframe proved a successful design, the WN-6 engine was not fully reliable and did not enter serial production. As a result, it was decided to use a radial engine, the 260 hp Ivchenko AI-14R; this led to the PZL-104 Wilga 3 variant, which first flew on December 31, 1965. The new engine was more powerful, but it spoilt the previously clean and slim fuselage lines; nonetheless, the new variant was successful. Especially high was its rate of climb - maximum 11 m/s with minimal load. Another variant, the Wilga 32, was an improved small series export variant with Continental flat engine, produced also in Indonesia as Gelatik. After producing 13 Wilga 3s, there were some improvements made, most notably a landing gear base increased from 2.12 m to 2.83 m to improve stability. An improved model, designated PZL-104 Wilga 35, first flew on June 29, 1967, then it entered mass production. Most numerous variant of Wilga 35 was the utility plane Wilga 35A, others were built in small numbers or remained prototypes.
From 1979 there was produced the Wilga 80, certified for the US market. From the late 1990s there was developed the PZL-104M Wilga 2000 family, powered with Lycoming flat engines and with improved aerodynamics.
Over 1000 of all types of the Wilga have been built, including 935 of the Wilga 35 and 80, which made it the most numerous-built plane of Polish design. EADS-PZL announced on the web page, that it had decided to stop the production of the PZL-104MA Wilga 2000.
Description:
Metal construction high-wing cantilever monoplane, conventional in layout. It is covered with thin metal sheets, rifled to increase durability, retaining low mass. Semi-monocoque fuselage. Rectangular single-spar wings, fitted with slotted flaps and slats. Four seat cabin, with large side doors, opened upwards. Conventional fixed landing gear with tail wheel. Two-blade wooden propeller. Two fuel tanks in wings (195 l).
Service:
Wilgas are mostly used for touring aviation, glider towing and parachute training. In Poland, they are a basic aircraft of regional aeroclubs. Polish pilots flying Wilgas have won numerous prizes in the FAI World Rally Flying and Precision Flying Championships, from 1978 to 2006.
Specifications:
General characteristics
* Crew: 1 pilot
* Capacity: 3
* Length: 8.10 m ()
* Wingspan: 11.12 m ()
* Height: 2,94 m ()
* Wing area: 15.50 m² ()
* Empty weight: 850 kg ()
* Loaded weight: 1250 kg ()
* Powerplant: 1× Ivchenko AI-14R / RA air-cooled 9-cylinder radial engine, 191 kW (260 HP)
Performance
* Maximum speed: 210 km/h
* Cruise speed: 157 km/h
* Stall speed: 68 km/h ()
* Range: 680 km ()
* Service ceiling: 4000 m ()
* Rate of climb: 5.5 m/s ()
* Take-off run - 125 m
* Take-off run at 15m height - 235 m
* Landing run - 210 m
* Landing run from 15m height - 327 m
Source: Wikipedia
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Photo was taken in "Jelenia Gora Aeroclub"
I hope You like it :]
Critiques and comments are welcome,
Pozdrowienia z Polski,
(Greetings from Poland)
Pawel |
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